The Swedish capital is rich in historical past, architectural monuments, numerous museums and interesting sights: The Old Town (Gamlaston – from the Swedish Gamla stan) is the historical center of Stockholm, built on the island of Stadsholmen. Here in 1251 Stockholm was founded. In the Old Town there is: City Hall with three gilded crowns on… Read More »
Boundaries. – Sweden is between 55 ° 20 ′ (Smyge huk) and 69 ° 4 ′ lat. N. (Cippo di Koltajaure) and between 10 ° 58 ‘and 24 ° 10’ long. E. The greatest length from north to south is km. 1574, the greatest width is about km. 500. Of the total surface area of… Read More »
Demographic data. – The population of Sweden was 6,371,432 at December 31, 1940 (census), which, according to population assessments, rose to 6,763,685 as of December 31, 1946. The average annual increase was 0.35% between 1930 and 1935, by 0.38% between 1935 and 1940 and by 0.93% between 1940 and 1946. From 1939 to 1946 93,406… Read More »
According to abbreviationfinder, Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden. It is administratively a municipality of the province of Stockholm, with a population of 1,287,988 residents in 2008, 2 million in its metropolitan area and it is considered a global city. It is built on 14 islands. See population of Sweden. Geography The city is located… Read More »
The intergovernmental cooperation body Arctic Council has existed since 1996. After a fairly anonymous existence in the first years, it has become the most important forum for the polar region. It gets attention from all over the world. The starting point for establishing the Arctic Council was cooperation on environmental protection and work against pollution.… Read More »
4: Consequences of globalization According to photionary, a striking feature of globalization is that countries trade more with each other than before, and the increased trade includes all income classes. Figure 1 shows international trade (exports plus imports) as a share of the countries’ total income (gross national product) between 1970 and 2004. High-income countries… Read More »
According to zipcodesexplorer, ioneer of Swedish cinematography, one of the first to treasure the inventions of T. Edison, the Lumière, M. Skladanowsky and later the lesson of G. Méliès, and to found a production company (Svenska Bio, in 1907, in Kristianstad) which even experimented with sound, was the operator and journalist Ch. Magnusson (1878-1948). Taking… Read More »
CULTURE: DANCE In the first half of the century. XVII the French Antoine de Beaulieu introduced the first French-style dances to the court (1638). The creation of the first professional company and a school led by another Frenchman, L. Gallodier, dates back to 1773, the year of the inauguration of the Royal Opera. Frequent contacts… Read More »
In 1681, with the nomination of Nicodemus Tessin the Younger as royal architect, a period of clear predominance of the Roman Baroque taste began, which had its greatest expression in the Royal Palace of Stockholm, the artist’s masterpiece. Swedish painting of the seventeenth century kept the national traditions alive, personified by the portraitists Holger Hansson… Read More »
From the century VI to XI developed, especially on the island of Gotland and in the eastern provinces of Sweden, a particular kind of sculpture carried out on stones decorated with inscriptions (runes) or figurative scenes often derived from the Nordic sagas, in a lively and expressive style, even if rude; in the stelae of… Read More »
According to softwareleverage, the disturbing interpreter of the changed spiritual climate is JA Strindberg (1849-1912), in whose immense production, lyric, dramatic, narrative, the most contradictory trends of an era are summarized. In his work, external reality, analyzed and crudely portrayed according to naturalistic ways, is reinvented by a lucidly visionary fantasy, by an exasperated subjectivism… Read More »
Nothing written about the ancient Swedish literary heritage of the pagan age has been preserved. According to programingplease, Sweden, like the other Scandinavian countries, must have known a rich literary flourishing of an epic-lyric character of which only faint echoes can be found in Icelandic, Norwegian and Danish texts of the contemporary age. The only… Read More »
During the severe depression of the 1930s, the Social Democrats (1932) came to power and, barring an interruption in 1936, led the country until 1976, creating a welfare state admired all over the world. But the excessive taxation of the government, due to the need to finance expensive public services, led in 1976 to the… Read More »
According to physicscat, the intervention of France on the side of Sweden was of immense help and at the end of the Thirty Years’ War, in the peace signed with the Empire in Osnabrück (1648), she obtained the island of Rügen, the anterior Pomerania and the duchy of Bremen thus dominating the mouth of the… Read More »
The Sami have roamed Lapland as reindeer nomads since prehistoric times. The rock carvings of Tanum are depictions of hunting, everyday life and the myths of the Bronze Age. Runic writing was in use from the 2nd century AD up to the Middle Ages, and many stone inscriptions have survived. From Sweden from the 9th… Read More »
Policy change and new challenges The Reichstag elections on September 17, 2006 were won by the bourgeois “Alliance for Sweden” (a total of 48.2% of the votes, 178 seats) under the leadership of F. Reinfeldt (moderate rallying party), who was elected Prime Minister on October 5, 2006 and a four-party government (Moderate Rally Party, Center… Read More »
In the 1920s and 30s, economic, social and cultural-political problems came to the fore (school reform, 1927; »Labor Peace Laws«, 1928). The world economic crisis found its strongest expression in Sweden in the collapse of the Kreuger concern in 1932 (Ivar Kreuger ). When PA Hansson came to power (1932), the Swedish Social Democrats began… Read More »
In Livonia there was resistance to the confiscation of estranged Swedish crown estates, one of the reasons for the Second Northern War (1700-21). August II of Saxony-Poland believed that Livonia could easily be won. Tsar Peter I , the Great, sought Ingermanland, East Karelia and Narva, Denmark turned against the Swedish branch of the House… Read More »
Swedish monarchs Swedish queens and kings (order and dates are uncertain in the oldest period) Ynglings Bjorn the old man about 882-910 Olof Ring 910-940 Erich VII. Segersäll (= the victorious) about 970-995 Olaf III. Skotkonung (= king of the lap) about 995-1022 An and Jakob about 1022-1050 Emund about 1050-1060 Stenkil family Stenkil (Steinkjel)… Read More »
Viking Age and Empire Formation In Northern Europe glacial hunting and fishing cultures established already in the Stone Age. During the Iron Age, the south of what is now Sweden was densely populated with North Germanic ethnic groups. The united under the Stammeskönigtum the Ynglinge Svear, the oldest seats in Uppland and the Malaren layers… Read More »
On the threshold of the 20th century are the works of Wilhelm Peterson-Berger (* 1867, † 1942) with their songs inspired by Swedish folk music, the lyrical pieces for piano and his operas influenced by R. Wagner , including »Arnljot «(1909) assumed the status of a national opera. His generation includes: Wilhelm Stenhammar (* 1871,… Read More »
Swedish music, about the Swedish music from pre-Christian times (up to the 11th century) there are only inadequate sources from which the use of primitive rattles, flutes, horns and bronze lurs and from the 8th century also of lyres emerges. In addition, literary sources such as the Bósi saga provide information on musical practice in… Read More »
Until the conquest by Russia (1809) Finland was considered part of the Swedish Empire and the almost exclusively Swedish-language literature in Finland was considered an integral part of Swedish literature. It was not until the beginning of the 19th century that a remarkable written Finnish literature developed which, over the course of 150 years, pushed… Read More »
20th century Under the influence of H. Bergson’s philosophy, the final break with the aesthetics of neo-romanticism took place. The psychologically deepened portrayal of society determined prose in the second decade of the 20th century. Elin Wägner, S. Siwertz and Sven Lidman describe bourgeois life in their realistic novels. Both from a narrative point of… Read More »
Classicism King Gustav III , a tireless patron of the arts, wrote dramas and operas, and was instrumental in founding theaters and establishing the Swedish Academy (1786). The academy and its leading members, the poets J. G. Graf Oxenstierna, J. H. Kellgren, Carl August Ehrensvärd (* 1745, † 1800) and C. G. af Leopold, as… Read More »
According to historyaah, the Swedish literature includes works of literature in Swedish in Sweden and Finland. Written evidence from the era before Christianization (around 1100 AD) can only be found on the numerous Swedish rune stones. Poetic runic texts, picture stones and rock carvings show familiarity with the heroic saga and allow the conclusion that… Read More »
Architecture The first period of the century is determined by national romanticism and material realism. The Engelbrekts Church (1909–14) by Lars Israel Wahlman (* 1870, † 1952) and the town house (1911–23) on Mälaren by R. Östberg form an independent synthesis of local brick construction and international architecture. Evidence of international neoclassicism emerged after the… Read More »
Architecture During the period of freedom (Frihetstiden, 1718–72), local artists increasingly took the place of foreign artists. Hardly any other architect shaped the art of the period of freedom and the period that followed as much as C. Hårleman. With Svartsjö Castle in Uppland (from 1735), the first example of French-inspired Rococo, he laid the… Read More »
Architecture According to extrareference, the renaissance reached Sweden during the reign of Gustav I. Eriksson Wasa, but only developed under his successors Erich XIV. And Johann III. The main task of architecture was the erection of royal castles; Most active were immigrant artists (master builder family Parr, the Flame Hans Fleming, * around 1545, †… Read More »
Swedish art, term for art that has emerged since the Middle Ages, after the prehistoric and early historical epoch (Germanic art, Northern Europe). Architecture Most of the Swedish buildings of the Middle Ages were made of wood. Only sparse remains of this, but noteworthy in terms of art history, have survived (Hemse stave church, 11th… Read More »